Toxic and Antifeedant Effects of Different Pesticidal Plant Extracts against Beet Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera exigua</i>)

The beet armyworm (BAW), Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly destructive pest of vegetables and field crops. Management primarily relies on synthetic pesticides, which threatening the beneficial community environment. Most importantly, BAW developed resistance to pesticides with making it difficult manage. Therefore, alternative environment-friendly management tactics are urgently required. use pesticidal plant extracts provides an effective way for sustainable program. To evaluate against BAW, we selected six species (Lantana camara, Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, Cymbopogon citratus, Nicotiana tabacum , Ocimum basilicum) initial screening experiment. Four out such as A. N. tabacum, C. citratus O. basilicum showed promising mortality more than 50%. these four subsequent experiments. Through contact bioassay, indica high 66.63%, followed by 53.33%, at 10% w/v concentration. Similarly, highest rate, 66% concentration, 46% through feeding bioassay. Furthermore, deterrence assay that had antifeedant index (−50) (−39), (−28). In living assay, extract low mean damage score 3.6 cotton 4.5 5.5. Hence, three provided results can minimize chemicals, particularly small landholding farmers. Further studies also required effects plants under conditions optimize further use.